3D tlač a 3D modelovanie

Stereolithography is a technology based on the principle of resin solidification using UV radiation. These rays focus on one layer, and once it's completed, they move vertically to the next layer's dimensions. The cured surface is dipped back into the liquid and solidified. Thanks to the precision of UV lasers, these printers can create a relatively smooth and highly detailed surface compared to FDM/FFF technology. However, it takes longer, and the printing area is smaller. A disadvantage is also the higher cost, both for materials and the printer itself.

Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a technology very similar to SLA and is considered a subset of it. It utilizes almost the same principles and materials, but the difference lies in how the resin is exposed. DLP can emit UV rays precisely onto the desired layer arrangement, creating it all at once, unlike SLA, which uses a single-point laser. Due to this feature, DLP can work quickly regardless of the shape or complexity of the object. Another advantage is the possibility of simultaneously printing duplicate models without waiting.

A subcategory is Mask Stereolithography (MSLA), which employs UV LED for exposure. UV light passes only where pixels are displayed on the LCD screen (they shine white) and solidifies the model on those areas. As the display consists of square pixels at a precise resolution, the resolution always matches the LCD screen. For solidifying the entire layer at once, this technology is also time-independent regarding the number of objects.

However, these printers require additional equipment. The model isn't suitable for immediate use after printing, as it's sticky from uncured resin. It's recommended to dip it in isopropyl alcohol to wash away excess resin and then let the model solidify again.